The National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 did which of the following?

• A. Created the Works Progress Administration.
• B. Regulated the gold standard and monetary policy.
• C. Established Social Security.
• D. Supervised fair trade codes and guaranteed laborers' right to collective bargaining.

Answer: (D)

This item tests understanding of how the New Deal tried to reshape industry and labor relations in the early 1930s. The National Industrial Recovery Act established the National Recovery Administration to supervise codes of fair competition across industries. A central piece of this effort was to protect workers’ right to organize and bargain collectively, giving labor a formal role in setting wages, hours, and other work terms.

Think of it as a government-led effort to curb destructive price-cutting and competition while lifting wages and improving working conditions through industry-wide codes and collective bargaining. The other options reflect different New Deal initiatives: the Works Progress Administration came later, monetary policy and the gold standard are tied to currency and the Federal Reserve, and Social Security was created by a separate act.